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CAS Workshop on Ecosystem Succession Theory and Practice of Ecological Restoration 我国西南地区石漠化现状及恢复模式优化
温远光
吴庆标
刘京涛
罗应华 (广西大学林学院，南宁530001) 摘要：人类活动所引起的石漠化加剧以及由此造成的生态环境影响正在越来越引起人们的关注。我国西南(广西、贵州、云南)岩溶地区面积为32.84万km2，占三省区国土面积的40.70％，据岩溶地貌面积比例在30％以上的200个县的统计，其石漠化土地达6.7064万hm2，占三省国土面积的8.32％，占岩溶区20.42％，土地石漠化面积正以2500km2／年的速度扩大。石漠化的扩展，引起区域生物多样性降低，水土流失加剧，气候环境恶化，自然灾害接踵而至，经济损失巨大，区域的可持续发展受到空前严重威胁。加强西南地区石漠化的生态恢复与重建刻不容缓。通过对广西石漠化地区6种生态恢复模式的调查研究，基本掌握了广西石漠化区域不同植被恢复与重建模式的生物多样性特征、生物量和生产力水平、系统营养结构和演变以及模式的生态、经济和社会效益，提出了不同石漠化阶段植被恢复与重建的优化模式，石漠化综合治理的措施建议，这对我国西南岩溶地区的生态恢复与重建有着重要的参考价值。 关键词：西南省区；石漠化；生态恢复模式 The state of
karst rock-desertification and optimization of karst ecology
restoration—n models in the south-west China Wen
Yuanguang Wu Qingbiao
Liu Jingtao Luo
Yinghua (Guangxi University Forestry
College, Nanning 530001, China) Abstract: there are more and more concerns about the aggravation of karst rock-desertification and its corresponding ecological environment impact .There are 328,400Km2 limestone areas in south-west of China ,which includes the provinces of Guangxi,Guizhou,Yunnan. These limestine areas are equal to 40.70 percent of the total territory areas in the above three provinces. Based on the statistics of 200 counties whose limestone area ratio is above 30 percent in the three provinces, there are 67,064 Km2 karst rock-desertification areas ,which are equal to 8.32 percent of the three provinces total territory areas and 20.42 percent of the three provinces’ limestone areas. Furthermore , there are 2,500 Km2 karst rock-desertification areas every year which are adding to the existing karst rock-desertification areas in the three provinces. With the expansion of karst rock-desertification ,it will arouse a great deal of adverse effects, which includes :the decline of the region bio-diversity ,the aggravation of water erosion ,the deterioration of climate environ -ment ,the one after another events of the natural disasters, the huge sum in economic loss, and the unprecedented menace of the sustainable development in these region .It is urgent to the ecological restoration and rehabilitation of the karst rock-desertification in the S-W of China .Based on the research on the six ecological restoration models of the rock-desertification in Guangxi province, China, the paper discussed the Bio-diversity ,Bio-mass, Productivity ,the nutrient structure and development of these ecosystems, and the social-economic-ecological benefits in the different vegetation restoration models in the Guangxi karst rock-desertification region ,putting forward the optimum models of vegetation restoration in the different levels of karst rock-desertification ,also advancing the measures concerning the integral governm -ent ,which has significant reference and guidance to the ecological restoration and rehabilization in the limestone region of the S-W of China . Key word: South-West provinces of China; karst rock-desertification; ecological restoration model
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