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CAS Workshop on Ecosystem Succession Theory and Practice of Ecological Restoration 除草剂对湿地草甸苇状看麦娘建植的影响 韩国栋1.
2
Blair L. Waldron2 Howard
W. Horton2 Kay
H. Asay2 （1内蒙古农业大学生态环境学院，呼和浩特市010018，中国；2美国农业部农业研究局草原与牧草实验室，犹他州立大学，落根市，犹他州84322-6300，美国） 摘要：1998年在犹他州落根市山间谷地低湿地草甸采用3种不同的除草剂/种植处理进行苇状看麦娘建植试验，处理分别为：（1）小区全部用除草剂处理，播种苇状看麦娘，播种量为6.72kg/ha-1;
(2) 除草剂带状处理，每隔81cm
喷洒30cm 宽，播种苇状看麦娘，播种量为2.24
kg/ha-1; (3) 对照区，直接播种苇状看麦娘，播种量为6.72 kg/ha-1。试验使用随机区组设计，重复3次。在试验处理的基础上又划分2个相等的裂区，一个在1999-2000年5月至10月末放牧牛，称为放牧管理裂区；另一个裂区在1999-2000年的8月至10月放牧牛，称为延迟放牧管理裂区。在不同处理的裂区分别于2000年和2001年用刈割的方法测定植物的产量、组成，并于室内测定牧草质量。采用裂区分析方法分析年内和2年的干物质产量、牧草质量和种类组成的差异，考虑年度、处理和放牧管理进行主效应和相互关系的F-检验。研究结果表明，在低湿地草甸苇状看麦娘的成功建植中除草剂的使用是必须的，且不会对土壤有较大的干扰；草群中较大比例的苇状看麦娘就会有较高的干物质产量；牧草的质量依赖于植物群落的植物种类组成；刈割次数对草地产量没有影响，但是多次刈割可以提高草地牧草质量；如果采用适宜的方法低湿地草甸的植被恢复具有较大的潜力。 关键词：低湿地草甸；除草剂；苇状看麦娘；干物质产量；牧草质量；植被恢复 Influence
of herbicide control on the establishment of Garrison creeping
foxtail (Alopecurus
arundinaceus) in wetland meadow Han
Guodong1. 2 Blair L. Waldron2 Howard
W. Horton2 Kay
H. Asay2 (1College
of Ecology and Environmental Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural
University, Hohhot010018, Inner Mongolia, P.R.China; 2Forage
and Range Research Laboratary, USDA-ARS, Utah State University,
Logan, UT84322-6300, U.S.A.) Abstract:
The experiment of the establishment of Garrison creeping foxtail (Alopecurus
arundinaceus) with 3
chemical fallow/planting treatments, which were total chemical
fallow, 6.72kg ha-1 of seeding rate of Garrison creeping
foxtail, which was called ‘Tot-chem’ treatment; 0.304m bands in
every 81cm was chemically fallowed with herbicide throughout the
plot, 2.24kg ha-1 of seeding rate of Garrison creeping
foxtail, which was called ‘Band-chem’ treatment; and a check
where no herbicide was applied, only 6.72kg ha-1 of
seeding rate of Garrison creeping foxtail, which was called
‘Dir-seed’. in wetland meadow was conducted in Cache Valley of
Logan, Utah in 1998. The randomized design was used in the
experimental plots of field with three replications in each
treatment. The yield, plant composition, forage quality
were measured with clipping, and testing in two strips in
2000 and 2001. One strip was grazed from May to late in October, in
1999-2000, which is called ‘grazed’; whereas grazing was
deferred from August to October in the second strip from 1999 to
2001, which was called ‘deferment’. Dry matter yield, forage
quality, and plant species composition were analyzed as a split-plot
within and across years. F-tests of main effects and interactions
were made considering years, treatments, and managements as fixed.
The results showed that herbicide was necessary to the successful
establishment of Garrison creeping foxtail in wetland meadow without
disturbing the soil; the more percentage of Garrison creeping
foxtail in sward, the higher dry matter production; forage quality
was depended on the plant species composition in plant community;
and clipping times had no influence on the yield of pasture, but
increased the quality of forage; The vegetation restoration in
wetland meadow was of great potentiality if the proper methods will
be used.
Key words:
wetland meadow; herbicides; Garrison creeping foxtail (Alopecurus
arundinaceus); dry matter yield; forage quality; vegetation
rehabilitation
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