Contact Sino-Eco Webmaster
|
CAS Workshop on Ecosystem Succession Theory and Practice of Ecological Restoration 新型日光新温室－温室人工生态系统中生态因子优化配置的研究 王静
薛芒
肖国举
吴旭
林茂兹 （兰州大学干旱农业生态国家重点实验室, 兰州 730000） 摘要：近年来，针对日光温室中的午间高温、高湿、病虫害发生率高，频繁地使用农药等一系列问题，本课题组负责人研制了具有阴阳棚结构的新型日光温室，它通过阴阳棚之间的热交换，既可降低阳棚的午间高温，推迟并缩短了阳棚午间30℃以上的高温时段；又可提高夜间低温，其日平均气温比现在北方广为使用的二代日光温室（称为对照）提高了3.8℃，地温提高了4.2℃；光照总入射量较对照平均增加13.5％，距地面5cm处增加19.1％；≥85％湿度平均减少4.7h/d；病虫害发生率及农药使用量比对照减少85％以上。将阳棚多余的热量补充给阴棚，可使其温度提高3－5℃，把单屋面日光温室背面的遮阴区（大多都闲置）转化为生产区，有效提高了土地利用率。该日光温室可提供两种不同光照、温度等条件的温室人工生态系统。在该系统中基本实现了光、温、水、CO2、土壤等生态因子的优化配置，有效提高了系统的生产力。这种温室人工生态系统可将种植业与养殖业结合起来，发展生态农业，实现该生态系统的良性循环。 A new kind of sunlight greenhouse— The research on the rational distribution of the ecological factors in
the artificial greenhouse ecological system Wang
Jing Xue Mang Xiao Guoju Wu Xu
Lin Maozi (State Key Laboratory of Arid Agroecology, Lanzhou 730000, China) Abstract: To solve the questions in the greenhouse such as the high temperature and the high humidity at noon, the high rate of the plant diseases and insect pests and the high frequency of using pesticide. We invent a new kind of sunlight greenhouse with canopy structure of negative and positive. Due to the hot exchange between negative canopy and positive canopy , it can reduce the noon high temperature of the positive canopy postponed and shorten the positive canopy noon more than 30 degrees Centigrade of high temperature and improve the low temperature . The average temperature has been improved by 3.8 degrees Centigrade ;ground temperature improved by 4.2 degrees Centigrade compared with the two generations of sunlight greenhouses .The amount of the sunlight contrasted comparison increases 19.1% equally .More than 85% of the temperature average 4.7h/d , contrasted comparison the rate of plant diseases and insect pests without agriculture chemical reduce more than 85% . The surplus quantity of heat of the positive canopy being to supplementary to negative canopy can make its temperature rise by 3-5degrees Centigrade .This kind of sunlight greenhouse turns the areas of the back of the single canopy sunlight greenhouse to the production areas . So the utilization rate of soil is increased . This sunlight greenhouse can offer two kinds of artificial greenhouse ecological systems different in sunlight ,temperature condition , etc. This system reached the rational distribution of the ecological factors such as sunlight , temperature , water , carbon-dioxide and soil etc. It is effective to increase the productivity of this system .This kind of artificial greenhouse ecological system can combine the plantation with cultivation , develop the ecological farming . So it can realize the rational circulation of the ecological system .
| ||||||||||||||
